- Faculty of Humanities
English Philology
P.O.Box 1000
FI-90014 University of Oulu
Florence Oloff
University of Oulu, Faculty of Humanities, English Philology, Faculty Member
- Conversation Analysis, Multimodal Interaction, Language and Social Interaction, Multilingualism, Multimodality, DYLAN Young Researchers, and 21 moreGesture, Participation, Laughter, Turn-Taking, Meetings, Laughter in Interaction, Common Ground, Discourse Markers, Epistemics, Epistemic Stance, Multi-party interaction, Recipient Design, Recycled Turn-Beginnings, Self-Repetition, Delayed completion, Ordinary Conversation, Dinner Conversation, Interaction in Work Settings, Cultural Studies, Mobile phones in everyday life, and Smartphonesedit
Overlapping talk, i.e. simultaneous talk of at least two speakers, is an omnipresent phenomenon in conversation. Inspired by conversation analysis and interactional linguistics, this dissertation focuses on simultaneous talk as a... more
Overlapping talk, i.e. simultaneous talk of at least two speakers, is an omnipresent phenomenon in conversation. Inspired by conversation analysis and interactional linguistics, this dissertation focuses on simultaneous talk as a systematic and orderly phenomenon that is part and parcel of the routine practices of turn-taking. The analyses are based on transcriptions of videotaped naturally occurring interactions, ordinary conversations in French and German. Instead of treating overlap as an exclusively audible phenomenon, it is conceived as an embodied practice in interaction that is also implemented by means of visible resources. Thus, the sequential analysis is completed by a multimodal approach, which takes into account the dynamic participation frameworks during overlapping talk in multi-party interactions. The analytical work focuses on three specific phenomena that involve simultaneous talk in a significant way: first, post-overlap self-repetition, second, the drop out of one speaker and his withdrawal from the floor during overlap, and third, delayed completion, the postponed completion of a turn in overlap with a co-participant's turn. This thesis contributes to a deeper understanding of those three interactional phenomena and shows that the organization of overlap is closely linked to the management of complex turns and actions, and to the management of dynamic participation frameworks.
Research Interests:
Der vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit Erzählen in seiner massenmedialen Vermittlung in einer Unterhaltungsendung im Fernsehen. Ziel ist es, anhand einer multimodalen und medienlinguistischen Analyse eines exemplarischen Ausschnitts aus... more
Der vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit Erzählen in seiner massenmedialen Vermittlung in einer Unterhaltungsendung im Fernsehen. Ziel ist es, anhand einer multimodalen und medienlinguistischen Analyse eines exemplarischen Ausschnitts aus der TV-Unterhaltungssendung "Zimmer frei" die Spezifik solcher massenmedialen Erzählungen herauszuarbeiten. Zum einen wird aufgezeigt, dass sich massenmediales Erzählen in seinem sequenziellen Auf- und Ausbau aufgrund seiner Einbindung in ein mediales Unterhaltungsformat in systematischer Weise von Alltagserzählungen unterscheidet. Zum anderen wird veranschaulicht, inwieweit theatrale Inszenierungs- und Aufführungsmittel der Fernsehproduktion die Aktivität des Erzählens mitkonstituieren. Erzählungen im Fernsehen, so die analyseleitende Prämisse, können nicht schlicht als durch das Fernsehen übertragene narrative Aktivitäten konzeptualisiert werden. Vielmehr sind sie durch eine mediale Theatralität mitgeprägt. (Para)verbale, körperliche und mediale Inszenierungs- und Aufführungsverfahren greifen konzertiert ineinander, um Erzählungen als "dramas to an audience" (Goffman 1974:508) hervorzubringen.
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This contribution investigates storytelling activities within an entertainment show on German television. Based on a multimodal and sequential single case analysis of an excerpt from the show "Zimmer frei" our contribution aims to unravel the characteristics of narratives as they occur as entertaining performances in mass media. On the one hand, the analysis shows how storytellings in mass media sys- tematically differ from mundane storytellings in their sequential organisation. On the other hand, it illustrates how interactional resources for staging and performing on TV contribute to and accomplish the narrative activity. Storytellings on TV cannot be conceived simply as broadcasted ordinary narrative activities, but rather as standing out due to a specific medial theatricality. (Para)verbal, embodied and medial means for stage-managing and performing are intertwined in order to produce storytellings on TV as "dramas to an audience" (Goffman 1974:508).
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This contribution investigates storytelling activities within an entertainment show on German television. Based on a multimodal and sequential single case analysis of an excerpt from the show "Zimmer frei" our contribution aims to unravel the characteristics of narratives as they occur as entertaining performances in mass media. On the one hand, the analysis shows how storytellings in mass media sys- tematically differ from mundane storytellings in their sequential organisation. On the other hand, it illustrates how interactional resources for staging and performing on TV contribute to and accomplish the narrative activity. Storytellings on TV cannot be conceived simply as broadcasted ordinary narrative activities, but rather as standing out due to a specific medial theatricality. (Para)verbal, embodied and medial means for stage-managing and performing are intertwined in order to produce storytellings on TV as "dramas to an audience" (Goffman 1974:508).
Research Interests:
Bisherige linguistische Studien zum mündlichen Erzählen beziehen sich vornehmlich auf die Beschreibung verbaler und vokaler Verfahren. Erzählen findet jedoch häufig unter den Bedingungen der zeitlich-räumlichen Ko-Präsenz der... more
Bisherige linguistische Studien zum mündlichen Erzählen beziehen sich vornehmlich auf die Beschreibung verbaler und vokaler Verfahren. Erzählen findet jedoch häufig unter den Bedingungen der zeitlich-räumlichen Ko-Präsenz der SprecherInnen statt, die den Gebrauch von körperlichen und materiellen Ressourcen ermöglicht. Der vorliegende einleitende Beitrag des Themenheftes modelliert Erzählen daher als körpergebundene und verkörperlichte Praktik, die es im Rahmen von interaktionalen und sequenzorientierten Analyseansätzen zu beschreiben gilt. Im Anschluss an die Darstellung von Entwicklungslinien der soziolinguistischen und interaktional-gesprächsanalytischen Untersuchung konversationellen Erzählens wird ein Überblick über bisherige Befunde zur multimodalen Ausgestaltung des Erzählens in der face-to-face-Interaktion gegeben. Abschließend werden grundlegende Fragestellungen skizziert, deren Beantwortung im Rahmen einer multimodalen Erzählanalyse die tatsächliche Alltagspraxis des Erzählens umfassender zu erschließen vermag.
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Linguistic studies of oral narratives have mostly considered verbal and vocal practices. Typical storytellings, however, take place in physical and temporal co-presence of several participants and are thus accomplished by embodied and material resources, too. This introduction to the special issue therefore conceptualizes storytelling as an audible, visible and embodied practice that should be investigated within an interactional and sequential approach. A description of the main sociolin- guistic and conversation analytic studies of conversational storytelling is followed by an overview of multimodal storytelling practices in face-to-face interaction. This contribution then sketches basic research questions to which a multimodal narrative analysis can provide more extensive answers.
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Linguistic studies of oral narratives have mostly considered verbal and vocal practices. Typical storytellings, however, take place in physical and temporal co-presence of several participants and are thus accomplished by embodied and material resources, too. This introduction to the special issue therefore conceptualizes storytelling as an audible, visible and embodied practice that should be investigated within an interactional and sequential approach. A description of the main sociolin- guistic and conversation analytic studies of conversational storytelling is followed by an overview of multimodal storytelling practices in face-to-face interaction. This contribution then sketches basic research questions to which a multimodal narrative analysis can provide more extensive answers.
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This paper offers a detailed analysis of the opening of an international meeting. English Lingua Franca as the official language of the meeting is actively discussed and negotiated by the participants. The analysis highlights the issues... more
This paper offers a detailed analysis of the opening of an international meeting. English Lingua Franca as the official language of the meeting is actively discussed and negotiated by the participants. The analysis highlights the issues identified by the participants themselves in choosing a linguistic regime for their professional exchanges. The English Lingua Franca regime is aimed at facilitating the participation of some of the participants, but creates problems for others, too. The chairman deals with this situation in an embodied way (through his gaze, gesture, bodily postures, and by the way in which he walks through the room), displaying that he orients to different member categories (such as ‘anglophone’, ‘anglophone who can understand French’, ‘francophile’, etc.) as benefitting from or resisting against the definitive language choice.
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This paper offers a detailed analysis of the opening of an international meeting. English Lingua Franca as the official language of the meeting is actively discussed and negotiated by the participants. The analysis highlights the issues... more
This paper offers a detailed analysis of the opening of an international meeting. English Lingua Franca as the official language of the meeting is actively discussed and negotiated by the participants. The analysis highlights the issues identified by the participants themselves in choosing a linguistic regime for their professional exchanges. The English Lingua Franca regime is aimed at facilitating the participation of some of the participants, but creates problems for others, too. The chairman deals with this situation in an embodied way (through his gaze, gesture, bodily postures, and by the way in which he walks through the room), displaying that he orients to different member categories (such as ‘anglophone’, ‘anglophone who can understand French’, ‘francophile’, etc.) as benefitting from or resisting against the definitive language choice.
Dans le cadre de l’ethnométhodologie et de l’analyse conversationnelle, cet article s’intéresse à la production de la parole radiophonique en contexte, telle qu’elle est accomplie en temps réel et de manière située, incarnée et soutenue... more
Dans le cadre de l’ethnométhodologie et de l’analyse conversationnelle, cet article s’intéresse à la production de la parole radiophonique en contexte, telle qu’elle est accomplie en temps réel et de manière située, incarnée et soutenue technologiquement dans le studio. Il vise ainsi à replacer la parole radiophonique dans son écologie matérielle et à l’aborder dans ses processus de production plutôt que comme un produit fini.
L’analyse se focalise sur les instants qui précèdent immédiatement la prise de parole des animateurs, sur le moment où ils procèdent aux derniers échanges coordonnant leur parole à l’antenne et où ils mobilisent une série de ressources technologiques juste avant le passage au direct : ils précisent ou confirment les dernières prises de décision concernant ce qu’ils vont dire et la manière de le dire, prennent en main leur casque, le mettent, arrangent le micro, effectuent les derniers réglages de régie. Ce moment révèle les arrangements technologiques – dans la mobilisation de plusieurs artefacts - et interactionnels – dans la mise en œuvre de procédés de coordination et d’ajustement mutuel - complexes qui rendent possible la parole en direct.
Within the framework of ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, this article tackles the online production of broadcasted talk, showing how it is accomplished in a situated and embodied way, supported by the use of various technological artefacts in the studio. Our contribution thus aims to situate radio talk in its material, ecological context and to approach it within the process of its production rather than as a finished product.
The analysis focuses on moments immediately preceding broadcasted talk by the animators, i.e., moments where they carry out some last turns for coordinating their live talk and where they mobilize a series of technological resources just before going on air. They specify or confirm last decisions to be taken as regards the form and distribution of their turns on air, they grab their headphones and put them on, manipulate the microphone, and make some last technical adjustments at the mixing desk. This moment reveals the technological (through the mobilisation of several artefacts) and interactional (through the implementation of processes of coordination and mutual adjustments) arrangements that generate broadcasted live talk.
L’analyse se focalise sur les instants qui précèdent immédiatement la prise de parole des animateurs, sur le moment où ils procèdent aux derniers échanges coordonnant leur parole à l’antenne et où ils mobilisent une série de ressources technologiques juste avant le passage au direct : ils précisent ou confirment les dernières prises de décision concernant ce qu’ils vont dire et la manière de le dire, prennent en main leur casque, le mettent, arrangent le micro, effectuent les derniers réglages de régie. Ce moment révèle les arrangements technologiques – dans la mobilisation de plusieurs artefacts - et interactionnels – dans la mise en œuvre de procédés de coordination et d’ajustement mutuel - complexes qui rendent possible la parole en direct.
Within the framework of ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, this article tackles the online production of broadcasted talk, showing how it is accomplished in a situated and embodied way, supported by the use of various technological artefacts in the studio. Our contribution thus aims to situate radio talk in its material, ecological context and to approach it within the process of its production rather than as a finished product.
The analysis focuses on moments immediately preceding broadcasted talk by the animators, i.e., moments where they carry out some last turns for coordinating their live talk and where they mobilize a series of technological resources just before going on air. They specify or confirm last decisions to be taken as regards the form and distribution of their turns on air, they grab their headphones and put them on, manipulate the microphone, and make some last technical adjustments at the mixing desk. This moment reveals the technological (through the mobilisation of several artefacts) and interactional (through the implementation of processes of coordination and mutual adjustments) arrangements that generate broadcasted live talk.
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As open class repair initiators (OCRIs, e.g., “what” or “huh”) do not specify the type of repairable, choosing an adequate repair format in the next turn becomes a practical problem for the participants. Whereas in monolingual/L1 speaker... more
As open class repair initiators (OCRIs, e.g., “what” or “huh”) do not specify the type of repairable, choosing an adequate repair format in the next turn becomes a practical problem for the participants. Whereas in monolingual/L1 speaker conversations participants typically orient towards troubles caused by reduced acoustic intelligibility or by topical/sequential disjunction, in multilingual/L2 interactions possible problems regarding asymmetric language choices and skills can be added – and might be responded to accordingly. Based on videotaped international business meetings and interactions at a customs post, this paper investigates various open class and embodied other-initiations of repair. By means of a conversation analytical and multimodal approach to social interaction, this contribution focuses first on instances of audible OCRIs and illustrates that they are accompanied by embodied conduct. Second, two types of embodied other-initiation of repair are scrutinized: a lifted eyebrows/head display and a freeze display in which movements are suspended. The analysis shows that participants treat these as referring either to troubles in hearing (display 1) or to troubles in understanding the linguistic format (display 2). This leads to the formulation of further desiderata and analytical challenges regarding the multimodal other-initiation of repair in general and in professional international settings in particular.
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On the basis of a single case analysis of the emergence of an ethnic joke, this paper explores issues related to laughter in international business meetings. More particularly, it deals with ways in which a person's name is correctly... more
On the basis of a single case analysis of the emergence of an ethnic joke, this paper explores issues related to laughter in international business meetings. More particularly, it deals with ways in which a person's name is correctly pronounced. Speakers and co-participants seem to orient towards ‘proper’ ways of vocalizing names and to consequent ‘variations’ or ‘deviations’ from them, making different ways of pronunciation available as a laughable. In making such pronunciation variations available, accountable and recognizable, participants reflexively establish as relevant the multilingual character of the activity, of the participants’ competences and of the setting; conversely, they exploit these multilingual features within specific social practices, leading to laughter.
Our analysis focuses on the contexts of action, the sequential environments and the interactional practices by which the uttering of a name becomes a ‘laughable’ and then a resource for an ethnic joke. Moreover, it explores the implications of transforming the pronunciation into a laughable in terms of the organization of the ongoing activity, changing participation frameworks and membership categorizations. In this sense, it highlights the flexible structure of groups and the way in which laughter reconfigures them through local affiliating and disaffiliating moves, and by making various national categories available and relevant.
Keywords: Conversation analysis; Laughter; Meetings; Sequential organization; Membership categorization; Joke
Our analysis focuses on the contexts of action, the sequential environments and the interactional practices by which the uttering of a name becomes a ‘laughable’ and then a resource for an ethnic joke. Moreover, it explores the implications of transforming the pronunciation into a laughable in terms of the organization of the ongoing activity, changing participation frameworks and membership categorizations. In this sense, it highlights the flexible structure of groups and the way in which laughter reconfigures them through local affiliating and disaffiliating moves, and by making various national categories available and relevant.
Keywords: Conversation analysis; Laughter; Meetings; Sequential organization; Membership categorization; Joke
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Dropping out of overlap is a frequent practice for overlap resolution ( [Schegloff, 2000] and [Jefferson, 2004]) in interaction, as it re-establishes the “one-at-a-time” principle of the turn-taking system (Sacks et al., 1974). While it... more
Dropping out of overlap is a frequent practice for overlap resolution ( [Schegloff, 2000] and [Jefferson, 2004]) in interaction, as it re-establishes the “one-at-a-time” principle of the turn-taking system (Sacks et al., 1974). While it is appropriate to analyze the practice of dropping out of overlap as a verbal and thus audible phenomenon, a close look at video data reveals that withdrawing from an action trajectory is also an embodied practice. Based on a fine-grained multimodal analysis (C. [Goodwin, 1981], [Mondada, 2007a] and [Mondada, 2007b]) of videotaped interactions in French, this paper illustrates how overlapped speakers organize the momentary suspension of their action trajectory in visible ways. Indeed, participants do not instantly withdraw from their action trajectory when they stop talking. By using bodily resources, they are able to display continuous monitoring of the availability of their co-participants and of the next possible slot for resuming their suspended action. I therefore suggest analyzing the drop out of overlap as the first step of withdrawal, as definitive, embodied withdrawal can occur later, or, in case of resumption, not at all. Consequently, my paper analyzes withdrawal as a good example of strengthening the analytic concept of embodiment with regard to turn-taking practices in interaction.
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Cet article se penche sur un épisode radiophonique durant lequel deux animateurs effectuent un coming out hétérosexuel à l’occasion de la journée internationale du coming out (11 octobre). Dans une perspective issue de l’analyse... more
Cet article se penche sur un épisode radiophonique durant lequel deux animateurs effectuent un coming out hétérosexuel à l’occasion de la journée internationale du coming out (11 octobre). Dans une perspective issue de l’analyse conversationnelle d’inspiration ethnométhodologique, il étudie une collection d’occurrences de coming out, permettant non seulement d’identifier un format séquentiel récurrent et la manière dont il contribue à l’efficacité de la pratique, mais aussi de réfléchir à la façon dont il peut être utilisé dans différents contextes sociaux, notamment médiatisés et médiatiques. En particulier, l’article montre comment la pratique est au service d’une émission radiophonique sur le coming out et prépare la transition vers le traitement de l’homosexualité à la radio. Grâce à un enregistrement vidéo du travail des animateurs dans le studio de radio, l’article décrit la façon dont le thème de la journée internationale du coming out est fabriqué et orchestré dans les coulisses de la radio et sur les ondes. Ce faisant, il montre la contribution d’une analyse conversationnelle à l’approche du coming out dans les études de genre – où la pratique est largement discutée mais sans être analysée sur la base d’occurrences documentées. L’article revient ainsi sur l’épistémologie du closet chère à Eve Sedgwick, en proposant une anatomie du coming out en contexte médiatisé, qui en éclaire les enjeux non seulement épistémiques mais aussi de normativisation, publicisation et spectacularisation.
This article studies an excerpt taken from a radio show during which two presenters do a heterosexual coming out on the occasion of the international coming out day (October 11). Within the framework of ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, the study discusses the sequential format of the coming out episode, along with other instances gathered from other media settings. Although the coming out has been largely discussed within gender studies, up to now it has not been analysed in its interactional details on the basis of documented occurrences. The paper further shows how this occurrence of coming out is at the service of a radio show on precisely this issue, and how the presenters then collectively prepare and put into practice their broadcasted show. Thanks to a video recording of the work in the studio, we will describe how the topic of the international coming out day is produced and orchestrated backstage. This aims at contributing, from an interactional sequential perspective, to gender studies, elaborating on the epistemology of the closet dear to Eve Sedgwick, by offering an anatomy of coming out that shows epistemic as well as other issues, related to hetero- and homo-normativity, publicization and spectacularisation.
This article studies an excerpt taken from a radio show during which two presenters do a heterosexual coming out on the occasion of the international coming out day (October 11). Within the framework of ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, the study discusses the sequential format of the coming out episode, along with other instances gathered from other media settings. Although the coming out has been largely discussed within gender studies, up to now it has not been analysed in its interactional details on the basis of documented occurrences. The paper further shows how this occurrence of coming out is at the service of a radio show on precisely this issue, and how the presenters then collectively prepare and put into practice their broadcasted show. Thanks to a video recording of the work in the studio, we will describe how the topic of the international coming out day is produced and orchestrated backstage. This aims at contributing, from an interactional sequential perspective, to gender studies, elaborating on the epistemology of the closet dear to Eve Sedgwick, by offering an anatomy of coming out that shows epistemic as well as other issues, related to hetero- and homo-normativity, publicization and spectacularisation.
Research Interests:
This contribution investigates the German response particle genau and the French response particle voilà within collaborative turn sequences in videotaped ordinary conversations. Adopting a conversation analytic approach to... more
This contribution investigates the German response particle genau and the French response particle voilà within collaborative turn sequences in videotaped ordinary conversations. Adopting a conversation analytic approach to cross-linguistic comparison, I will show that the basic epis-temic value of both particles allows them to be used in similar sequential environments. When a co-participant formulates a candidate conclusion in environments where it can be easily inferred from previous talk, first speakers may confirm the adequacy of the pre-emptive completion by voilà or genau. These particles may then also be followed by self-or other-repeats. The analyses aim to illustrate that participants rely on a variety of practices in order to positively assess a pre-emptive completion, and to refute a supposed binary opposition of refusal vs. acceptance in the receipt slot.
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Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Nutzung und Handhabung von Smartphones in der Alltagskommunikation, indem er beschreibt, wie mobile Endgeräte in der Kopräsenz zum Teilen von visuellen Inhalten genutzt werden. Das Smartphone wird... more
Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Nutzung und Handhabung von Smartphones in der Alltagskommunikation, indem er beschreibt, wie mobile Endgeräte in der Kopräsenz zum Teilen von visuellen Inhalten genutzt werden. Das Smartphone wird hier nicht bloß im Sinne eines Informationsträgers verstanden, über den mediale Inhalte wie Texte, Bilder, Textnachrichten, Musik oder Videos an eine/-n einzelne/-n Benutzer/-in vermittelt und von diesem/-r konsumiert werden, sondern insbesondere als physisches Objekt, dessen Materialität in der face-to-face-Kommunikation eine besondere Rolle spielt. Während oftmals davon ausgegangen wird, dass das Smartphone die Aufmerksamkeit seines/-r Besitzers/-in absorbiert und ihn/sie von der direkten sozialen Interaktion isoliert, soll hier die Behandlung des Smartphones als ‚soziales Objekt’ im Vordergrund stehen, da es auch in der Kopräsenz auf systematische und strukturierte Weise zu gemeinschaftlichen Handlungen eingesetzt wird. Zwar ist das Smartphone - zumindest im westlichen Kulturkreis - für gewöhnlich ein persönliches und personalisiertes Objekt, entgegen der Erwartungen wird es aber häufig auch mit anderen Interaktionspartnern/-innen geteilt: Es werden nicht nur Blicke auf das Display gewährt, sondern auch Berührungen oder sogar die kurzzeitige Übernahme des Gerätes.
Hier möchte ich mich daher der Frage widmen, wie genau Zeigesequenzen mit Smartphones initiiert werden, d.h., wie das Gerät in der Kopräsenz als gemeinsamer Bezugspunkt relevant gemacht wird und wie ein/-e weitere/-r Teilnehmer/-in sich als Rezipient/-in für einen visuellen Inhalt auf dem Display positioniert und anschließend auf diesen reagiert. Es soll untersucht werden, welche sprachlichen und körperlichen Ressourcen von den Teilnehmern/-innen hierzu eingesetzt werden und wie bzw. von wem das mobile Endgerät gehalten, manipuliert und betrachtet wird. Ziel ist es, grundsätzliche sequenzielle Muster in initialen Zeigesequenzen erkennbar zu machen und detailliertere Beobachtungen zur gemeinsamen Benutzung und Handhabung von Smartphones in der face-to-face Interaktion zu formulieren. Die hierfür verwendete Methode ist die multimodale Konversationsanalyse, die hör- und sichtbare Handlungen in ihrem jeweiligen sequenziellen Kontext analysiert und so systematisierbar macht (Deppermann 2013; Goodwin 1981; Mondada 2013, 2016; Schmitt 2007; Streeck et al. 2011).
Hier möchte ich mich daher der Frage widmen, wie genau Zeigesequenzen mit Smartphones initiiert werden, d.h., wie das Gerät in der Kopräsenz als gemeinsamer Bezugspunkt relevant gemacht wird und wie ein/-e weitere/-r Teilnehmer/-in sich als Rezipient/-in für einen visuellen Inhalt auf dem Display positioniert und anschließend auf diesen reagiert. Es soll untersucht werden, welche sprachlichen und körperlichen Ressourcen von den Teilnehmern/-innen hierzu eingesetzt werden und wie bzw. von wem das mobile Endgerät gehalten, manipuliert und betrachtet wird. Ziel ist es, grundsätzliche sequenzielle Muster in initialen Zeigesequenzen erkennbar zu machen und detailliertere Beobachtungen zur gemeinsamen Benutzung und Handhabung von Smartphones in der face-to-face Interaktion zu formulieren. Die hierfür verwendete Methode ist die multimodale Konversationsanalyse, die hör- und sichtbare Handlungen in ihrem jeweiligen sequenziellen Kontext analysiert und so systematisierbar macht (Deppermann 2013; Goodwin 1981; Mondada 2013, 2016; Schmitt 2007; Streeck et al. 2011).
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Cette étude s’inscrit dans le cadre du projet ANR SPIM « L’imitation dans la parole : des intégrations sensori-motrices à la dynamique des inte- ractions conversationnelles », dirigé par Noël Nguyen, qui regroupe des équipes de recherche... more
Cette étude s’inscrit dans le cadre du projet ANR SPIM « L’imitation dans la parole : des intégrations sensori-motrices à la dynamique des inte- ractions conversationnelles », dirigé par Noël Nguyen, qui regroupe des équipes de recherche de différentes disciplines. Le but est d’enrichir la connaissance du processus d’imitation, depuis l’identification des neurones impliqués dans cette activité cognitive jusqu’au rôle de l’imitation dans une interaction sociale.
La contribution de notre équipe concerne l’étude de la répétition, au sens de reprise verbatim par un locuteur d’un énoncé ou d’une par- tie d’énoncé produit par le locuteur précédent dans une interaction. Nous nous référerons par la suite à ce phénomène sous le terme d’hétéro- répétition. Nous excluons donc de cette étude les répétitions produites par un même locuteur dans le même tour de parole ou dans les tours de parole qui suivent.
Dans cet article, nous détaillerons les différentes étapes que nous avons suivies pour définir et concevoir un outil automatique capable de détecter ces hétéro-répétitions dans les corpus d’interactions hébergés dans la base de données en ligne CLAPI.
La contribution de notre équipe concerne l’étude de la répétition, au sens de reprise verbatim par un locuteur d’un énoncé ou d’une par- tie d’énoncé produit par le locuteur précédent dans une interaction. Nous nous référerons par la suite à ce phénomène sous le terme d’hétéro- répétition. Nous excluons donc de cette étude les répétitions produites par un même locuteur dans le même tour de parole ou dans les tours de parole qui suivent.
Dans cet article, nous détaillerons les différentes étapes que nous avons suivies pour définir et concevoir un outil automatique capable de détecter ces hétéro-répétitions dans les corpus d’interactions hébergés dans la base de données en ligne CLAPI.
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Dieses Kapitel befasst sich mit dem Zusammenspiel von Raum und Interaktion und konzentriert sich auf die dynamischen Organisationsformen sozialer Handlungen unter Berücksichtigung verbaler und sichtbarer Ressourcen. Durch die Untersuchung... more
Dieses Kapitel befasst sich mit dem Zusammenspiel von Raum und Interaktion und konzentriert sich auf die dynamischen Organisationsformen sozialer Handlungen unter Berücksichtigung verbaler und sichtbarer Ressourcen. Durch die Untersuchung eines spezifischen Settings – professionelle Interaktionen in einem Radiostudio – werden wir empirisch beschreiben und konzeptualisieren, wie ein gebauter bzw. stark architekturierter Raum im Rahmen institutioneller Praktiken genutzt und relevant gesetzt wird. So soll zu aktuellen Überlegungen zu Interaktionsraum und -architektur, zu Raum als Res-source sowie als materiellem Umfeld beigetragen werden. Unsere ethnomethodologische und konversationsanalytische Perspektive wird von aktuellen Debatten über den sogenannten spatial turn in der interaktionalen Forschung beeinflusst. Auf Grundlage eines in einem Radiostudio erstellten Videokorpus wird die Verbindung zwischen einem architektonisch und technologisch komplexen Umfeld und dem interaktionalen Handeln der Teilnehmer skizziert.
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Cette contribution s’intéresse aux co-constructions d’un tour de parole en interaction, plus spécifiquement, à la manière dont la complétion d’un énoncé de la part d’un co-participant est ensuite réceptionnée par le locuteur dont le tour... more
Cette contribution s’intéresse aux co-constructions d’un tour de parole en interaction, plus spécifiquement, à la manière dont la complétion d’un énoncé de la part d’un co-participant est ensuite réceptionnée par le locuteur dont le tour a été complété. Malgré l’intérêt certain porté par l’analyse conversationnelle et la linguistique interactionnelle à la co-énonciation, l’évaluation de cette pratique par le premier locuteur n’a pas fait l’objet d’analyses approfondies. Dans ce qui suit, nous nous focalisons plus par- ticulièrement sur les pratiques interactionnelles qui permettent aux participants de valider une co-construction. Ce travail est issu du projet ANR SPIM (« L’imitation dans la parole »), dans le cadre duquel nous nous sommes interrogée sur la fonction de l’hétéro-répétition (le fait de répéter un énoncé d’un autre locuteur ou une partie de celui-ci, opposée à l’auto-répétition) dans des séquences de co-construction d’un tour de parole.
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In this chapter, I will focus on the phenomenon of drop out, i.e., withdrawal from the turn due to overlapping talk, in order to reflect on the link between “unfinished” turns and participation framework. With the help of a sequential and... more
In this chapter, I will focus on the phenomenon of drop out, i.e., withdrawal from the turn due to overlapping talk, in order to reflect on the link between “unfinished” turns and participation framework. With the help of a sequential and multimodal analysis inspired by the conversation analytical ap- proach, I will show that dropping out from a turn is strongly linked to the availability displayed by potential recipients of a turn-at-talk. Although conversation analysis has described in detail the systematics of overlapping talk, especially of its onset (Jefferson 1973, 1983, 1986) and its resolution (Schegloff 2000; Jefferson 2004), the phenomenon of withdrawal from a turn due to simultaneous talk has not been investigated in detail. While it seems to be difficult to describe this interactional practice by referring exclusively to syntactic features (incompleteness of the turn), I suggest looking at turn withdrawal from a multimodal perspective (e.g. Goodwin 1980, 1981; Mondada 2007a; Schmitt 2005), taking into account visible resources like gaze or gesture. The problem of continuing or stopping a turn-in-progress in overlapping talk can be closely linked to the participation framework (Goodwin and Goodwin 2004), as speakers do visibly take into account their recipient’s availability and coordinate their turn construction with the dynamic changes of the participation framework and the interactional space.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
This paper aims at contributing to the analysis of overlaps in turns-at-talk from both a sequential and a multimodal perspective. Overlaps have been studied within Conversation Analysis by focusing mainly on verbal and vocal resources;... more
This paper aims at contributing to the analysis of overlaps in turns-at-talk from both a sequential and a multimodal perspective. Overlaps have been studied within Conversation Analysis by focusing mainly on verbal and vocal resources; taking into account multimodal resources such as gesture, bodily posture, and gaze contributes to a better understanding of participants’ orientations to the sequential organization of overlapping talk and their management of speakership.First, we introduce the way in which overlaps have been studied in Conversation Analysis, mainly by Jefferson (1973, 1983, 2004) and Schegloff (2000); then we propose possible implications of their multimodal analysis. In order to demonstrate that speakers systematically orient to the overlap onset and resolution we analyze the multimodal conduct of overlapped speakers. Findings show methodical variations in trajectories of overlap resolution: speakers’ gestures in overlap display themselves as maintaining or withdrawing their turn, thereby exhibiting the speakership achieved and negotiated during overlap.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
In contemporary German, the common word genau ('exactly' or 'right') does not only occur in its prototypical function as an adjective or adverb but also as a focus or response particle. Previous descriptions have only given a glimpse of... more
In contemporary German, the common word genau ('exactly' or 'right') does not only occur in its prototypical function as an adjective or adverb but also as a focus or response particle. Previous descriptions have only given a glimpse of its inter- actional use; however, the presence of heterogeneous functional categories points to its possible multifunctionality. This paper analyses various interactional uses of genau in videotaped everyday conversations in a sequential and multimodal ap- proach. Starting from its function as a focus particle, genau is used both as an intra-turn and responsive confirmation token. As genau frequently marks the end of an understanding process or of a negotiation of meaning or knowledge, it could also be defined more generally as a marker of intersubjectivity. Its sequence- closing and sequence-structuring functions seem to result from its responsive and confirming use, which probably also leads to the growing use of genau as a purely discourse-structuring particle within a turn.
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Lors de la négociation située de l'alternance des tours de parole en interaction (Sacks, Schegloff et Jefferson, 1974), les participants s'orientent vers la complétude possible des unités de construction de tour. Grâce à une complétion... more
Lors de la négociation située de l'alternance des tours de parole en interaction (Sacks, Schegloff et Jefferson, 1974), les participants s'orientent vers la complétude possible des unités de construction de tour. Grâce à une complétion différée d'un tour de parole précédent, un locuteur peut revendiquer son droit à la parole au-delà d'un tour intercalaire d'un autre locuteur. Cet article exploite différentes formes de cette "delayed completion" (Lerner, 1989) en français parlé. À l'aide du cadre théorique de l'Analyse conversationnelle (ten Have, 1999), nous démontrerons que ce procédé ne relève pas uniquement d'une alternance de tour de parole problématique, mais aussi de séquences collaboratives, qui sont en lien étroit avec le phénomène des constructions syntaxiques collaboratives. En s'intéressant à ces structures syntaxiques émergentes, il est possible de démontrer la négociation située et locale - tour par tour – du droit à la parole et de la dynamique de l'alternance des tours en conversation ordinaire. A base d'une collection d'extraits issus d'interactions naturelles enregistrées en audio ou en vidéo, différentes manières de revendiquer ou de partager son tour seront illustrées. Lors des analyses, une attention particulière sera dédiée à quelques phénomènes récurrents dans les séquences de complétion différée. Ainsi, l'exploitation de certaines conjonctions en tant que marqueurs discursifs ou la présence d'allongements vocaliques en fin du premier segment semblent indiquer des co-occurrences de ressources audibles spécifiques à différents types de complétion différée en conversation française.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Alors que de nombreuses études en analyse conversationnelle se sont intéressées à la manière dont des locuteurs co-construisent un tour de parole (notamment sur le plan syntaxique et prosodique), la façon dont la co-construction est... more
Alors que de nombreuses études en analyse conversationnelle se sont intéressées à la manière dont des locuteurs co-construisent un tour de parole (notamment sur le plan syntaxique et prosodique), la façon dont la co-construction est ensuite évaluée n'a pas encore été étudiée en profondeur au sein de la littérature interactionniste. Ici, nous étudions deux pratiques permettant à un locuteur de valider une co- construction, à savoir l'acquiescement simple et l'hétéro-répétition de la complétion. En menant une analyse séquentielle et multimodale de plusieurs séquences de co-construction en français, nous montrons qu’à travers ces deux procédés – qui semblent au premier abord similaires dans leur fonctionnement – les locuteurs effectuent une évaluation très différente : tandis que l'acquiescement simple valide la complétion proposée uniquement comme une version possible, l'hétéro-répétition la valide comme étant une complétion complètement adéquate. Cette contribution met en évidence que les interactants exploitent des ressources audibles aussi bien que visibles afin de manifester si et dans quel sens ils acceptent la complétion de leur tour de parole de la part d’un coparticipant. Nous soulignons l’importance d’étudier en détail les différents formatages possibles des tours évaluant une complétion afin de pouvoir distinguer différentes formes « d’acceptation » et de révéler la manière dont les locuteurs peuvent finement négocier leur position en tant que (co-)auteur ou destinataire d’un tour de parole.